8051 Architecture means defining the internal hardware design of 8051. Is is manufactured by various manufacturers like INTEL, FreeScale e.t.c. eith variety of features. The features vary with respect to manufacturing Technology (PMOS or NMOS), capacity of memory, number of timers, interrupts e.t.c.
The 8051 architecture consists of the following components
- 8-bit CPU with registers and A (accumulator)
- 16-bit program counter (stores address) and DPTR (points to current data)
- Internal RAM which is divided into :-
- Four register banks containing eight registers each of 1 byte.
- 16-byte of bit addressable memory.
- 80-byte of general purpose memory.
- 16-bit Stack pointer.
- Special Function Registers (SFR) to perform special functions in 8051 such as control and timer.
- Four I/O ports.
- Internal Rom Memory.
- Two Timers.
- Six Interrupts.
- System timing and control circuit, clock oscillator e.t.c.
- 8-bit data lines and 16-bit address lines.
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